Syllabus 2nd sem
2ND SEM SYLLABUS
Unit I- Nervous system (Organization of nervous system, neuron, neuroglia, classification and properties of nerve fibre, electrophysiology, action potential, nerve impulse, receptors, synapse, neurotransmitters.
Central nervous system: Meninges, ventricles of brain and cerebrospinal fluid, structure and functions of brain (cerebrum, brain stem, cerebellum), spinal cord (gross structure, functions of afferent and efferent nerve tracts, reflex activity) );
Unit II- Digestive system (Anatomy of GI Tract with special reference to anatomy and functions of stomach, Acid production in the stomach, regulation of acid production through parasympathetic nervous system, pepsin role in protein digestion) small intestine 54 and large intestine, anatomy and functions of salivary glands, pancreas and liver, movements of GIT, digestion and absorption of nutrients and disorders of GIT. Energetics-Formation and role of ATP, Creatinine Phosphate and BMR)
;Unit III- Respiratory system (Anatomy of respiratory system with special reference to anatomy of lungs, mechanism of respiration, regulation of respiration Lung Volumes and capacities transport of respiratory gases, artificial respiration, and resuscitation methods),
Urinary system (Anatomy of urinary tract with special reference to anatomy of kidney and nephrons, functions of kidney and urinary tract, physiology of urine formation, micturition reflex and role of kidneys in acid base balance, role of RAS in kidney and disorders of kidney.
Unit IV- Endocrine system (Classification of hormones, mechanism of hormone action, structure and functions of pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid gland, adrenal gland, pancreas, pineal gland, thymus and their disorders.
Unit V- Reproductive system (Anatomy of male and female reproductive system, Functions of male and female reproductive system, sex hormones, physiology of menstruation, fertilization, spermatogenesis, oogenesis, pregnancy and parturition), Introduction to genetics Chromosomes, genes and DNA, protein synthesis, genetic pattern of inheritance.
POC 1
I-Classification, nomenclature and isomerism, Classification of Organic Compounds Common and IUPAC frameworks of nomenclature of natural mixtures (up to 10 Carbons open chain and carbocyclic mixtures) Structural isomerisms in natural mixtures.
Unit II-Alkanes*, Alkenes* and Conjugated dienes* (SP3 hybridization in alkanes, Halogenation of alkanes, employments of paraffins. Dependable qualities of alkenes, SP2 hybridization in alkenes E1 and E2 responses – energy, request of reactivity of alkyl halides, revamp of carbocations, Saytzeffs direction and confirmations. E1 stanzas E2 responses, Factors influencing E1 and E2 responses. Ozonolysis, electrophilic expansion responses of alkenes, Markownikoff's without direction revolutionary expansion responses of alkenes, Anti Markownikoff's direction. Steadiness of formed dienes, Diel-Alder, electrophilic expansion, free extreme expansion responses of formed dienes, allylic modification.
Unit III-Alkyl halides* (SN1 and SN2 responses – energy, request of reactivity of alkyl halides, stereochemistry and revision of carbocations. SN1 versus SN2 responses, Factors influencing SN1 and SN2 responses, Structure and employments of ethylchloride, Chloroform, trichloroethylene, tetrachloroethylene, dichloromethane, tetrachloromethane and iodoform), Alcohols*( Qualitative tests, Structure and employments of Ethyl liquor, Methyl liquor, chlorobutanol, Cetosteryl liquor, Benzyl liquor, Glycerol, Propylene glycol.
Unit IV-Carbonyl compounds* (Aldehydes and ketones) Nucleophilic expansion, Electromeric impact, aldol buildup, Crossed Aldol buildup, Cannizzaro response, Crossed Cannizzaro response, Benzoin buildup, Perkin buildup, subjective tests, Structure and employments of Formaldehyde, Paraldehyde, Acetone, Chloral hydrate, Hexamine, Benzaldehyde, Vanilin, Cinnamaldehyde.
Unit V-Carboxylic acids* (Acidity of carboxylic acids, impact of substituents on causticity, inductive impact and subjective tests for carboxylic acids ,amide and ester Structure and Uses of Acetic corrosive, Lactic corrosive, Tartaric corrosive, Citric corrosive, Succinic corrosive. Oxalic corrosive, Salicylic corrosive, Benzoic corrosive, Benzyl benzoate, Dimethyl phthalate, Methyl salicylate and Acetyl salicylic corrosive), Aliphatic amines* – Basicity, impact of substituent on Basicity. Subjective test, Structure and employments of Ethanolamine, Ethylenediamine, Amphetamine)
Biochemistry
Unit I–Biomolecules (Introduction, characterization, synthetic nature and biological role of starch, lipids, nucleic acids, amino acids and proteins), Bioenergetics (Concept of free energy, endergonic and exergonic response, Relationship between free energy, enthalpy and entropy; Redox potential. Energy rich mixtures; characterization; biological meanings of ATP and cyclic AMP.
Unit II-Carbohydrate metabolism(Glycolysis – Pathway, energetics and significance,Citric corrosive cycle-Pathway, energetics and importance, HMP shunt and its importance, Glucose-6-Phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) inadequacy, Glycogen digestion Pathways and glycogen stockpiling sicknesses (GSD), Gluconeogenesis-Pathway and its importance, Hormonal guideline of blood glucose level and Diabetes mellitus), Biological oxidation(Electron transport chain (ETC) and its system. Oxidative phosphorylation and its component and substrate phosphorylation, Inhibitors ETC and oxidative phosphorylation/Uncouplers.
Unit III – Lipid metabolism(β-Oxidation of immersed unsaturated fat (Palmitic corrosive), Formation and use of ketone bodies, ketoacidosis
Anew blend of unsaturated fats (Palmitic corrosive), Biological meaning of cholesterol and change of cholesterol into
bile acids, steroid chemical and nutrient D,Disorders of lipid digestion: Hypercholesterolemia, atherosclerosis, greasy liver and weight.) Amino corrosive digestion
(General responses of amino corrosive digestion: Transamination,
deamination and decarboxylation, urea cycle and its problems,
Catabolism of phenylalanine and tyrosine and their metabolic disorders(Phenyketonuria, Albinism, alkeptonuria, tyrosinemia), Synthesis and meaning of biological substances; 5-HT, melatonin,
dopamine, noradrenaline, adrenaline, Catabolism of heme; hyperbilirubinemia and jaundi); Unit IV-Nucleic corrosive digestion and hereditary data move
(Biosynthesis of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides,
Pharmacology Text Books Lists
Catabolism of purine nucleotides and Hyperuricemia and Gout illness, Organization of mammalian genome,
Construction of DNA and RNA and their capacities, DNA replication (semi moderate model),
Record or RNA union
Hereditary code, Translation or Protein union and inhibitors.
Unit V-Enzymes
(Presentation, properties, terminology and IUB characterization of catalysts,
Compound energy (Michaelis plot, Line Weaver Burke plot)
Compound inhibitors with models,
Guideline of compounds: catalyst acceptance and constraint, allosteric
compounds guideline, Therapeutic and indicative uses of catalysts and isoenzymes, Coenzymes – Structure and biochemical capacities.
Patho physiology
Unit I – Basic standards of Cell injury and Adaptation:
(Presentation, definitions, Homeostasis, Components and Types of Feedback frameworks,
Reasons for cell injury, Pathogenesis (Cell film harm, Mitochondrial harm,
Ribosome harm, Nuclear damage),Morphology of cell injury – Adaptive changes
(Decay, Hypertrophy, hyperplasia, Metaplasia, Dysplasia),Cell enlarging, Intra cell collection, Calcification, Enzyme spillage and Cell Death Acidosis and Alkalosis, Electrolyte awkwardness), Basic component engaged with the course of aggravation and fix:
(Presentation, Clinical indications of aggravation, Different kinds of Inflammation, Mechanism
of Inflammation – Alteration in vascular penetrability and blood stream, relocation of
Wbc's, Mediators of aggravation, Basic standards of twisted recuperating in the
skin, Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis); Unit II–Cardiovascular System:
(Hypertension, congestive cardiovascular breakdown, ischemic coronary illness (angina, myocardial localized necrosis, atherosclerosis and arteriosclerosis), Respiratory framework: (Asthma, Chronic obstructive aviation routes diseases.), Renal framework: (Acute and constant renal disappointment.)
Unit III-Hematological Diseases: (Iron inadequacy, megaloblastic pallor (Vit B12 and folic corrosive), sickle cell sickliness, thalasemia, inherited gained weakness, hemophilia), Endocrine framework: (Diabetes, thyroid diseases, issues of sex chemicals.), Nervous framework: (Epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, stroke, mental problems:
Misery, schizophrenia and Alzheimer's disease.), Gastrointestinal framework: (Peptic Ulcer),
Unit IV–Inflammatory bowel diseases, jaundice, hepatitis (A,B,C,D,E,F) alcoholic liver
Disease, Disease of bones and joints: (Rheumatoid joint inflammation, osteoporosis and gout), Principles of cancer: (classification, etiology and pathogenesis of cancer), Diseases of bones and joints: (Rheumatoid Arthritis, Osteoporosis, Gout), Principles of Cancer: (Classification, etiology and pathogenesis of Cancer)
Unit V-Infectious diseases: (Meningitis, Typhoid, Leprosy, Tuberculosis, Urinary plot contaminations), Sexually sent diseases: (AIDS, Syphilis, Gonorrhea)
Computer application in pharmacy
Unit IV-Number framework: (Binary number framework, Decimal number framework, Octal
number framework, Hexadecimal number frameworks, change decimal to twofold, paired to decimal, octal to double and so on, parallel expansion, double
deduction – One's supplement ,Two's supplement strategy, twofold duplication, double division.), Concept of Information Systems and Software : (Information get-together, necessity and achievability investigation, information stream outlines, process determinations, input/yield configuration, process life cycle, arranging and dealing with the venture.); Unit II-Web advances: (Introduction to HTML, XML,CSS and
Programming dialects, prologue to web servers and Server Products, Introduction to data sets, MYSQL, MS ACCESS, Pharmacy Drug data set.); Unit III-Application of PCs in Pharmacy (Drug data stockpiling and
recovery, Pharmacokinetics, Mathematical model in Drug plan, Hospital and Clinical Pharmacy, Electronic Prescribing and release (EP) frameworks, scanner tag medication ID and robotized administering of medications, versatile innovation and adherence checking, Diagnostic System, Lab-demonstrative System, Patient Monitoring System, Pharma Information System); Unit IV-Bioinformatics: (Introduction, Objective of Bioinformatics, Bioinformatics Databases, Concept of Bioinformatics, Impact of Bioinformatics in Vaccine Discovery)
Unit-V Computers as information examination in Preclinical turn of events:
(Chromatographic data analysis(CDS), Laboratory Information the board
Framework (LIMS) and Text Information Management System(TIMS))
Environmental science
Unit-I:The Multidisciplinary nature of ecological investigations
Regular Resources (Renewable and non-sustainable assets: Natural assets and related issues a) Forest assets; b) Water assets; c) Mineral assets; d) Food assets; e) Energy assets; f) Land assets: Role of a singular inconservation of normal assets.); Unit II: Ecosystems
§ Idea of an environment.
§ Design and capacity of a biological system.
§ Presentation, types, trademark elements, construction and capacity of
the environments: Forest biological system; Grassland biological system; Desert
environment; Aquatic biological systems (lakes, streams, lakes, waterways, seas,
estuaries); Unit-III:
Natural Pollution: Air contamination; Water contamination; Soil contamination.
Thank you:-
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